It may be puzzling, at first, that the clumpy states represent high entropy and the smooth ones low, when we recall that, with a gas in a box, the clumped states (such as the gas being all in one corner of the box) were of low entropy, while the uniform state of thermal equilibrium was high. When gravity is taken into account there is a reversal of this, owing to the universally attractive nature of the gravitational field. The clumping becomes more and more extreme as time goes on, and, at the end, many black holes congeal, and their singularities unite in the very complicated, final, big crunch singularity.

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